
For evaluating this, I graphed above the actual annual changes in GDP per capita in PPS relative to the EU27 average (x-axis; in percentage points) and the values predicted via calculation of real GDP growth (y-axis), using a very small dataset (n=13) of Slovakia between 1996-2008 (Data source: Eurostat1, Eurostat2). The correlation coefficient is 0.9304, the trend line is defined as y = 1.0038x - 0.2169 (R=1 would mean y = 1x + 0). The standard deviation of the actual values from the predictive model is however still too high for a conclusive answer about a minute positive difference between Slovakia and Portugal in 2009.